Internal-combustion engine.



w. i. TWOMBLY.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18.1910.

1,179,054. Patented Apr. 11,1916.

WILLARD I. TWOMBLY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO TWOMBLY MOTORS COMPANY. OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEWYORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed February 18, 1910. Serial No. 544,546.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VILLAKD 1. TWOMBLY, a citizen of the United States,residing in New York, county of New York,and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a description.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the opposedcylinder type with a piston operating therein connected to a crank shaftextending transversely through the piston and cylinder, and it is theobject of the invention to improve the construction of this type ofengines in general and so arrange the parts as to be readily accessiblefor substitution or otherwise, and to provide an engine wherein aportion of one cylinder will also constitute an operating or workingportion for the piston of its opposed cylinder.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specificationthe figure is a sectional end elevation, showing an vembodiment of myinvention.

The embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings consists of abox-like frame orv crank case 1 having opposed apertures 2. Fixed tosaid frame in alinement with the apertures are cylinders 4 with bores 11of opposed cylinders in alinement, each cylinder having a sleeve portion3 to engage in an opening 2 and the sleeve of one cylinder having anoverlapping and mating connection with the sleeve portion of an opposedcylinder within said frame 1. The sleeve portions of the cylinders alsohave recesses which cooperate with corresponding recesses in an opposedcylinder sleeve to constituteopenings 78 for a. purpose to behereinafter described, and recesses at right angles to the recesses 78to form openings for the passage of the crank shaft 40. The cylindershave flanges to abut against the frame 1 and are fixed to the latterbybolts passing through said flanges screw threaded into the frame.

In the hottonrof the frame 1 is a Water inlet 7 from which branch outducts 8 having outlets in the sides of the frame, and with which outletsports to water spaces 6 around the cylinders formed by a wall or jacket5 cast integral with the cylinders are adapted to register. The cylindercastings also have valve chests in an integral lateral inders have awater-tight connection with v the frame 1, as indicated at 9. It willthus beobvious that water entering at 7 is led through the jackets ofthe respective cylinders, around thevalve chests and then out throughpipes 10. The bores of the cyla5 inders communicate with valve chambers17 containing valves, as shown at 18, the said valves being insertedthrough openings closed by plugs 20, and controlling the fuel intake andexhaust through chambers 21 and pipes 22 and 24 respectively. The valvesare of the puppet type having stems slidably mounted in plugs 65 screwthreaded into the valve casing, and the valves normally seated bysprings 28 coiled about the plugs 65 and confined between said plugs andwashers 72 placed on the ends ofthe valve stems and retained thereon bypins. The valves are operated by cams, as shown at 29 and 31, fixed tocam shafts 33 and 3 through cam following plungers 71 engaging with thevalve stem-s,..said plungers being slidably mounted in bushings 70screwed 'into the sides of the frame 1. The cam shafts are journaled inbushings 35 carried by the frame 1, and are, driventhrough gears fixedto the respective shafts from a gear meshing with a gear fixed to thecrank shaft.- The gearing is so timed that-the cam shafts will make onerevolution to two revolutions of the crank shaft. The valve springs 28are normally covered by tubes 67 one end of which tubes is supported bythe plugs 70 andthe other end. being supported and slidably engaging inrecesses in the valve carrying plugs 65. It will be obvious that inremoving the valves it is only necessary to slip the tubes into thejrcessesfof the plugs when the pins and washers 72 may be readilyremoved and the valves passed through the openings normally closed bythe caps 20-.

, Pistons 12 having the usual packing rings 13 and oil grooves 14operate in the cylinders and consist of mated sections, that is thesleeve portion of one piston has an overlapped connection with thesleeve portion of the piston ofan opposed cylinder. Said sleeve portionshave recesses in the ends and when connectedv overlapped relation formEach piston head has a .recessed portion 15 to form with the end of thecylinder a combustion or explosion chamber when the piston is at theextremity of its outward stroke, as clearly shown at the left of thefigure. Each piston section has a steel track adapted to form what maybe termed a Scotch yoke.

The tracks 55 are connected to the piston sections by rods 56 havingscrew threaded connection with the tracks at one end and the other endshaving screw threaded connection with the piston heads and secured inplace by nuts, dowel pins preventing lateral or rotative movement of thetracks. The piston sections are secured together and held in properrelation by right and left end threaded screw rods 58 having screwthreaded connection at their ends with bosses or arms 59 and heldinadjustment by jamb nuts 60. o

The pistons are connected to the crank pins, as shown at 45, of thecranks of the crank shaft by steel rings 52 mounted upon the crank pinsby ball or roller bearings 51 contained in said rings, and inoperation'as combustion takesplace in a cylinder and the pistonisreciprocated the rings will have a rolling and reciprocating movementbetween the tracks 55. It will be obvious that as the piston isreciprocated the orbit of the movement of rings on the crank pins willbe greater than the diameter of' the pistons and cylinders, and that aportion of the rings will pass through the openings 77 and 78 in thepistons and cylinders, and that a portion of the sleeve of one cylinderwill serve as a working portion for the piston of an opposed cylinder,as clearly shown in the figure.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that Ihav'e produced an engineprovided with cylinders in alinement with each other and having alined.pistons operating in an opposed manner therein, and which pistons areprovided with means cooperating with means on the crank pins in suchmanner as to remove the necessity of the ordinary connecting rods, thusproducing a very compact and simple engine in which the Qopiea of thispatent may be ebtained for parts are readily accessible. It will also beobvious that the frame or box upon which the parts are mounted and theconstruction of the cylinders and valve chests is such that by simplymounting the cylinders upon the frame it will serve to make the waterconnections to the water jackets.

Having thus described my invention that which I consider as novel anddesire to protect by Letters Patent is as set forth in the followingclaims:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising asubstantially rectangular crank case having oppositely disposed openingsin the side walls; a pair of cylinders of the same diameter throughoutfixed to said case, said cylinders having a portion projectingcthroughan opening in the crank case and having a mating connection within thecase so that the bore of one cylinder will be in alineinent with thebore of the other cylinder; a duplex piston operatively engaging in thecylinders; a crank shaft journaled in the case and passing transverselythrough the pistons and cylinders; and means to operatively connect thepiston to the crank of the shaft within the working portions of thecylinders.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination comprising asubstantially rectangular crank case having oppositely disposed openingsin the side Walls; a water inlet in the bottom of the case having ductsbranching out therefrom withoutlets in the sides of the case; a pair ofcylinders of the same diameter throughout having a portion to engage inthe case openings and having a mating connection within the case, theheads of said cylinders having laterally projecting portions providedwith an ignition chamber communicating with the bore of the cylinder andfuel and exhaust chambers.

having valved ports communicating with the ignition chamber; an integralwater jacket extending around the cylinders and fuel and exhaustchambers having an inlet which is adapted to register with an outlet ofa water duct in the crank case when the cylinder is secured to the caseand an outlet adjacent the fuel and exhaust chambers.

. WILLARD I. TWOMBLY. Witnesses:

M. HERSKOVITZ, M. E. HILLOGK.

five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Pater ts,

Washington, D. G.

